TNF and Alzheimer disease: This inflammatory process is a classic immune response similar in some aspects to that observed in AD, through TLR-2 and TLR-4 pathway, also related to cytokines interactions (including interleukins, TNF-α, transforming growth factor-β) and chemokines (monocyte chemotactic protein, IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitory factor and monokine induced by γ-interferon) released by neurons and glial cells.