For example, in stool samples, it has been shown to distinguish colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas from healthy individuals, with a sensitivity of 76%–89% and a specificity of 79%–93%.40 In squamous oesophagus carcinogenesis, methylation of the TFP12 promoter was shown to occur early at dysplasia stage (33% of dysplasia cases).41 In our study, TFPI2 was the candidate with the best sensitivity in both the pilot and validation Cytosponge cohorts (85.0% and 78.6%, respectively, AUC 87.7%). The gene discussed is TFPI2; the disease is medical procedure.