TWIST1 and Barrett esophagus: In this study, we have demonstrated that 10 genes are hypermethylated in Barrett’s biopsies compared with normal squamous tissue and these included six novel targets as well as confirming some genes previously reported in the literature.30–35 Of these, TFPI2, TWIST1, ZNF345 and ZNF569 genes were the most differentially methylated in Barrett’s oesophagus compared with neighbouring normal squamous oesophagus and gastric cardia tissues that are important for application to the Cytosponge, which samples cells from these adjacent sites.