Still, there is no universal pattern linking Cav1 expression in cancer cells and patient outcomes: high Cav1 levels are associated with poor prognosis and aggressive disease in melanoma, breast, prostate and lung cancer, whereas, at the same time, high Cav1 expression is correlated with good clinical outcomes in head and neck cancer and extrahepatic biliary carcinoma cells (Martinez-Outschoorn et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene CAV1 and lung cancer.