Akt is also known to impact on the tumour microenvironment and to induce hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, which in turn can affect the tumour vasculature and tumour response to RT (Kao et al, 2007; Jiang & Liu, 2009; Fokas et al, 2012). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.