A multitude of researches indicated that activation of NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrindomain-containing-3) inflammasome and subsequent production of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contribute to various metabolic abnormalities, particularly IR-related T2D and MetS. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.