Accordingly, to determine whether HOPS complex is required for Salmonella replication in macrophages, we performed CFU assays in control-, Vps39- and Vps41-siRNA treated macrophage-like cell line-RAW264.7, a well-established cell line model for in vitro studies of Salmonella infection (S3m and S3n Fig; knockdown efficiency >80%). Here, VPS39 is linked to Salmonella Infections.