To test this, prior to infection we pre-loaded control siRNA- and Vps41 siRNA-treated HeLa cells or control and Vps41 shRNA stably transduced RAW264.7 macrophages with Alexa 647-conjugated dextran (dextran-647) that specifically labels lysosomes, as shown schematically in Fig 5a. Here, VPS41 is linked to infection.