TNF and infection: Hence, we quantified the expression of various immunity-related genes regulated by NF-κB: IFNß, CXCL2, TNF (Fig 5A–5F), CCL5 and CXCL10 (S5A–S5D Fig) in the brain of mice from two genetic backgrounds [23,24], at late stage of the infection by Tha or the isogenic Th4M virus mutated on the positions 77, 100, 104, 110 of the M protein [19].