Two main categories have been proposed for the therapeutic effect of phytochemicals in IBD models, i.e. their antioxidant functions as well as their capacity to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, iNOS, COX-2, and MPO26. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.