The predominantly neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and its mouse homologue mCRAMP have been demonstrated to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS-primed macrophages,16 32 and both LL-37 and mCRAMP have previously been purported to play an important antiviral role.33 34 In our model, both pro-form and cleaved forms of mCRAMP were present in the BALF of influenza-treated mice 24 hours post infection and were strikingly reduced with neutrophil depletion (figure 5A, B). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is infection.