These data were consistent with previous reports that showed that Mycoplasma infection resulted in irreversible, permanent changes in the expression of P53, RB and a number of other genes (Paddenberg et al., 1998; Zhang et al., 2006; Namiki et al., 2009; Zinöcker et al., 2011; Vande et al., 2014). Here, TP53 is linked to Mycoplasmoides infection.