The average proportion of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+ cells in the whole lymphocyte population was also higher in cancer patients than in control subjects, but the difference was less pronounced (p = 0.002 for CIN3/cancer in situ and p = 0.017 for CC stage IA), presumably due to reduction in the level of CD8-bearing lymphocytes observed in women with cancer and low abundance of this cell population (0.1% on average) among peripheral blood lymphocytes from both patients and controls. The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is cancer.