PAK5 is a serine/threonine kinase downstream of Rho GTPases.31 Many studies found that PAK5 possessed a crucial role in promoting cell migration and invasion in tumorigenesis,21, 22, 23 which preluded our exploration of whether miR-106a-5p could affect the migration and invasion of RCC cells via PAK5. This evidence concerns the gene MARK2 and renal cell carcinoma.