In summary, we found for the first time that GD3/α1-AR/TG2 mediated leukemic cell differentiation into erythroid lineage, thus confirming that GD3, which acts as an inducer of erythroid differentiation in CML cells, might provide an avenue for leukemia treatment. Here, TGM2 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.