Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of the hypertrophy markers, including ANP, BNP, β-MHC and MCIP1.4, as well as fibrotic markers, containing collagen 1a and collagen III, MMP2 and Fibronectin, were reduced via the cardiac-specific overexpression of ZNF418, indicating that up-regulated ZNF418 might protect against cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis caused by pressure overload. Here, NPPB is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.