Table 4 summarizes the 2 cases-series reported in the literature. The natural history and prognosis for ADEM/MDEM-ON remains unknown considering that the median follow-up years was 4–6 years in the 2-case series [188]. Another case of ADEM followed by optic neuritis 71 days later and positive MOG antibody in the serum was reported in a five-year-old Japanese girl [189]. Adding to the list of cases of MDEM-ON is the case of a 4.5-year-old Malyasian girl with MDEM followed by optic neuritis and positive MOG antibodies with relapses triggered by viral infections and a gluten rich diet [190]. The gene discussed is MOG; the disease is optic neuritis.