We found that the overexpression of HSP27 appeared to be an important independent risk factor correlated with poor prognosis of NSCLC patients, which suggests that the NSCLC patients with higher expression of HSP27 (24.3± 5.7 months) have a shorter survival time compared with patients with the low expression of HSP27 (42.4 ± 9.3 months) (risk coefficient = 1.657). This evidence concerns the gene HSPB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.