The statistical analysis showed that the correlation coefficient (spearman rank test) of expression level of HSP27 protein in tissues and the expression level of HSP27 mRNA in serum is 0.697 (P = 0.046), suggesting that tissues HSP27 and serum mRNA in patients with NSCLC had a certain positive correlation (Fig. 4A). The gene discussed is HSPB1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.