MALAT1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: For example, an up-regulated lncRNA termed metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in HCC increases the expression of splicing factor SRSF1 (serine and arginine rich splicing factor 1) through activating Wnt pathway, causing dys-regulated apoptosis and alternative splicing of S6 kinase1 (S6 K1), which further activates the mTOR pathway, and ultimately resulting in HCC progression [45].