TNF and disease arising from reactivation of latent virus: There were suggestive associations at three loci in IL6 and TNFA in the comparison between active cases and controls (Table 2), three loci in APOL1, MIF and IL6 in the comparison between latent infections and active cases (Table 3) and five loci in IL4 (Fig 2), and one each in HLA-G and TNFA between latent infections and controls (Table 4).