KLK3 and cancer: The PPV for a PSA over 4.0 ng/mL is estimated to be 30%.27,31,32 This increases to 42%–64% for PSA levels >10 ng/mL.31,33 On the other hand, one must consider that nearly 75% of cancers detected with PSA values between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/mL are organ-confined and potentially curable.31 The high false-positive rate for PSA levels lower than 10 ng/mL eventually leads to more biopsies.