SOX2 and microcephaly: To determine whether neocortex-like organization by in-vitro 3D culture could be used to mimic neurodevelopmental disorders, iPSCs were generated from reprogrammed skin fibroblasts of a patient with severe microcephaly by retroviral delivery of four well-described reprogramming factors: Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 (Okita et al., 2007; Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006).