Nrf2 inducers have been found to be neuroprotective in the MPTP model of PD [18,30,31], in fragile X syndrome [32], in multiple sclerosis [33,34], and a clinical trial with a novel Nrf2 activator (RTA 408) has been started for the treatment of FA (REATA Pharmaceuticals, ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02255435). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and fragile X syndrome.