Investigating mutations and gene expression profiles of cell cycle regulatory proteins in many human cancer cell lines and primary tumors provided evidence that p53 mutations do not directly correlate with either p16 or Rb expression [30] stressing the fact that p14ARF (in the p53 pathway) and p16 (in the Rb pathway) have distinct or non-overlapping, important biological functions in cell cycle regulation and cancers [36,37]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cancer.