SOD1 and dementia: In the pathogenesis of dementia, a particularly important role is played by oxidative stress [6], which is defined as the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the efficiency of enzymatic (e.g., salivary peroxidase; Px, glutathione peroxidase; GPx, catalase; CAT and superoxide dismutase; SOD), as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., uric acid; UA).