In particular, high levels of IFN-γ and markers of IFN-γ-activated endothelium, such as ICAM1, VCAM1, MAdCAM, CXCL10, or guanylate-binding protein-1 (GBP-1), can be detected in the gut mucosa of mice during DSS-induced intestinal inflammation (9). Here, GBP1 is linked to gastroenteritis.