As seen in earlier studies demonstrating that therapeutic targets were reliable predictive biomarkers12, 13, recent studies reported that tumor PD-L1 expression or its amplification was significantly associated with better response in patients undergoing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies11, 14, 15, although not all responders had high PD-L1 expression. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.