Combining the four studies where data was available to associate number of somatic mtDNA mutations with clinical characteristics [37, 39, 43, 44], we show a significant increase in the number of variants with sample combined Gleason score (p = < 0.0001) (Figure 2A), with PSA level before radical prostatectomy or at diagnosis (p = 0.30) (Figure 2B) and age of patient at radical prostatectomy or diagnosis (p = < 0.0001) (Figure 2C), further supporting the proposal that mtDNA mutation burden may be an indicator of PCa. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.