Interestingly, spontaneous immune responses to tumor cells have been shown to depend on the activation of DCs by type I IFNs [15] and as a result, one of the first cancer immunotherapies ever to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) consisted of high doses of recombinant IFN-α2b for melanoma and renal cell carcinoma [16]. The gene discussed is IFNA2; the disease is cancer.