APC and cancer: We used Western blotting analysis to measure the expression levels of APC gene and related genes in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, including β-catenin, TCF7L1, TCF7L2, LEF1, MMP7, C-myc, C-jun, CYCLIND1 and GSK-3β in both cancer and normal tissues, for the patients who may have the wild or mutation types of the genes, the latter being either heterozygous or homozygous.