BRAF and cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome: BRAF is implicated in Noonan, Leopard, and Cardiofaciocutaneous syndromes, typical symptoms of which include prominent forehead, bitemporal narrowing, hypertelorism, and short stature, among other skeletal, cardiac, and craniofacial anomalies, frequently accompanied by moderate to severe mental retardation [72, 73].