The previous studies support out data that NF-κB plays a central role in immune-cell activation by controlling gene expression as a promoter or enhancer through cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and chemotactic protein), cell adhesion molecules (V-CAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin), cytokine receptors, and growth factors (G-CSF and M-CSF) after infection or injury15,45,64. Here, VCAM1 is linked to infection.