INS and Insulin resistance: Notably, HFD-IF mice showed improved glucose homeostasis with smaller glucose excursion in glucose tolerance test (GTT), increased insulin sensitivity in insulin tolerance test (ITT), and markedly lower homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), compared to HFD-AL or HFD-PF mice (Figure 1G-1I; Supplementary information, Figure S2E and S2F).