CUL3 and metabolic disease: CUL3 plays essential functions in various fundamental cellular events (e.g. cell cycle, membrane trafficking, transcription in stress and developmental signaling, cell death and cytoskeletal rearrangement), and the dysregulation of the CUL3-mediated ubiquitination system is related to human diseases such as metabolic diseases, cancer and dystrophy (Genschik et al., 2013).