Serum insulin level, HOMA-IR, and IL-6 level in the diabetic rats were higher than that in the normal controls (P<0.01, Fig 1F, 1G and 1I), However, the serum GLP-1 level was lower in the diabetic rats than in the normal controls (P<0.01, Fig 1H) Vildagliptin reduced the serum insulin and IL-6 levels, alleviated insulin resistance, and increased serum GLP-1 in diabetic rats (P<0.05, Fig 1F, 1G, 1H and 1I). This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.