Mice fed a high-fat diet had increased weight gain and metabolic markers associated with obesity, such as insulin resistance, compared to mice fed standard chow (see Table S1 at http://galelab.umn.edu/msphere-supplemental-material), which is consistent with the findings of previous studies utilizing a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (24). This evidence concerns the gene INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.