EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are predictive biomarkers for response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs; e.g., erlotinib, gefitinib or afatinib) and EGFR-TKIs are the standard first-line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGFR mutations [1–3].