They also detected an increased expression of the inflammatory chemokines CCL3 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3) and CCL4 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4) in macrophages and αSMA-positive myofibroblasts and confirmed the CCL4 as a direct target of miR-125b in cultured human THP-1 macrophages, thus showing the connection between microRNA and inflammatory gene expression in AS [92]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and aortic valve stenosis.