When LN patients with active renal disease was compared to inactive LN subgroup, elevation of sIL15RA, CSF1, bNGF, sIL18R1, sCD40, sCX3CL1, and caspase 8 (P < 0.05, Table 2d, Fig. 5), but not GDNF, in active LN patients was observed. Here, CSF1 is linked to lobular neoplasia.