Lactobacillus rhamnossus modulation of type-2 allergic responses has also been reported in a mouse ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergy model where it suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways and BAL fluid after challenge with OVA, and reduced IL4, IL5 and IL-13 gene expression in the lungs and spleen [24,25]. This evidence concerns the gene IL13 and allergic disease.