ANOS1 and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 1 with or without anosmia: In our data, among the genes with the strongest evidence for tissue-specific escape is KAL1 (Fig. 3f, Supplementary Table 6), the causal gene for X-linked Kallmann syndrome; here KAL1 shows biallelic expression exclusively in lung (Fig. 3f), in line with the strong female bias detected specifically in lung expression in the previous analysis (Fig. 2a), suggesting that tissue differences in escape can directly translate to tissue-specific sex biases in gene expression.