This is consistent with the appearance of α-synuclein pathology in the brains of Guamanian ALS-PDC cases [36, 38, 80, 81] and the appearance of synuclein inclusions in the brains of rats following the chronic consumption of cycad [41] and its toxic component, BSSG [46, 47]. This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.