As shown in Fig. 4d, significantly decreased expressions of TGF-β1, EGFR, Smad 2/3 complex, and Erk 1/2 protein were observed in mortalin specific shRNA-expressing adenovirus treated keloid spheroids, by 52%, 43%, 11%, and 42%, respectively, versus scramble virus-transduced spheroids (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; Fig. 4d and e). Here, TGFB1 is linked to keloid.