CD163 and ischemic stroke: To do this, primary lymphocyte cultures derived from healthy donors (Supplementary Table 1) were stimulated to proliferate using phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M) for 72 hours in the presence of pooled serum samples generated from ischemic stroke patients, neurologically asymptomatic controls, and stroke mimics (Table 2); pooled serum samples were either unmanipulated in terms of sCD163 levels or partially depleted of sCD163 using immunoprecipitation prior to treatment (Fig. 5A).