In the context of ALS and FTD, it was recently found that phosphorylation of TDP-43 by truncated casein kinase (CK) 1δ triggers mislocalization and accumulation of TDP-43 within insoluble aggregates [21], which are the pathological hallmarks observed in most ALS and FTD patients [22]. This evidence concerns the gene PDIK1L and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.