On the other hand, advanced glycation endproducts receptor 1 (AGER-1) antagonizes RAGE signaling and induces antioxidant defenses (Cai et al., 2006) counteracting the AGE-induced oxidative and inflammatory stress that are blamed for the metabolic memory and long-term complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) (Brownlee, 2001; Furusyo and Hayashi, 2013; Vlassara and Uribarri, 2014). This evidence concerns the gene AGER and diabetes mellitus.