TNF and acute respiratory distress syndrome: In LPS-induced ALI mice in vivo, the natural product (i.p.; 20, 40, 80 mg/kg) inhibited the pathological changes in lung tissue, including alveolar wall changes, alveolar hemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration; reduced inflammatory cells and total protein concentration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; and finally regulated inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-10 [160].