SP4 and bipolar disorder: SP4 is involved in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia while ANK3, ACSL4, DLG3 are associated with mental retardation and, interestingly, recalling the high male prevalence of ASD, the latter two map on X-cromosome; NHS also maps on X-cromosome and mutations in this gene cause Nance-Horan Syndrome characterized by congenital cataract leading to vision loss; in males mild or moderate mental retardation may also occur and ASD have also been described in few patients (Toutain et al., 1997).