In trials performed by Muossa et al. and Turner et al., patients were treated with resveratrol for 1 year.43,44 As compared to patients in the placebo group, patients treated with resveratrol were found to have decreased levels of MMP-9, a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) that degrades components of the extracellular matrix, an activity that is associated with AD/neurodegeneration. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is Alzheimer disease.