TRAF1 and Huntington disease: Interestingly, DVG-mediated upregulation of TNFR2 signaling was controlled by MAVS, as MAVS KO cells showed impaired upregulation of surface TNFR2 expression and blunted expression of the pro-survival genes TRAF1, BIRC3, and TNFAIP3 upon infection with SeV HD (Fig. 6e, f).