Since it is well known that NF-κB mediates the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines which are involved in the pathogenesis of IBD [18], we next examined whether nanoparticle curcumin suppressed the mucosal mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines using real-time PCR. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and inflammatory bowel disease.