In summary, our study suggests that in HG-SOC the neurotrophin-mediated and progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation pathway(s) post-transcriptionally regulated by survival significant miRNAs could be important in pathogenesis, classification and prognosis of ovarian cancers and the survival significant miRNAs have significant value as the perspective therapeutic targets. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is ovarian carcinoma.